Human Anatomy and Physiology: Embedded Inquiry |
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Science Curriculum Standards
3251 - Human Anatomy and Physiology
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Internet Resources |
Trace the historical development of a scientific principle or theory.
Inq.1 |
- About Darwin - dedicated to the life and times of Charles Darwin
- Development of Kepler's Laws - this Wikipedia article traces Kepler's work
- Evidence for the Big Bang - extremely long [55 pages if printed] well detailed background
- Galileo Project - hypertextual information about Galileo and the science of his time to viewers of all ages and levels of expertise
- Gregor Mendel: Planting the Seeds of Genetics - an exhibit from Chicago's Field Museum
- Historical Development of Chemistry - three case studies of significant chemical progress
- History of Science - Wikipedia article
- History of Science and Technology - a Wikipedia article including links
- History of Science Sourcebook - a subset of texts derived from three major online sourcebooks
- Isaac Newton - Wikipedia article tracing the development of Newton's laws
- James Watson & Francis Crick - from the Time 100
- Johannes Kepler - His Life, His Laws and Times
- Mendel's Experiment - an animation describes Gregor Mendel's experiment as presented in his Experiments in Plant Hybridization
- Modeling Mendel's Pea Experiment - lesson plan from Access Excellence
- Person of the Century: Albert Einstein - from Time’s 100
- Scientific Method - this Wikipedia article illustrates how scientific principles or theories are developed
- Voyage of the Beagle - index of trwenty-two chapters detailing the historic voyage of discovery
- Watson and Crick describe structure of DNA - from PBS's Science Odyssey
- When the Earth Moved - Copernicus and his Heliocentric System of the Universe
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Conduct scientific investigations that include testable questions, verifiable hypotheses, and appropriate variables to explore new phenomena or verify the experimental results of others.
Inq.2 |
- Excite Education Curriculum Module - lesson plan about scientific method from CDC
- Experimenting, Testing, & Challenging the Hypothesis - the degree of challenge to your hypothesis will depend on the type of problem and its importance
- Falsifiability – [Wikipedia article] the logical possibility that an assertion can be shown false by an observation or a physical experiment
- General Procedures for All Experiments - general procedures for each experiment are briefly outlined - variations between experiments are noted
- How to Formulate a Hypothesis Using the Scientific Method - eight steps are outlined
- Introduction to the Scientific Method - An explanation on what the scientific method is and does. From Frank Wolfs, University of Rochester
- Reasoning in Science - Learning about the scientific method is almost like saying that you are learning how to learn [from Biology4Kids]
- Scientific Method - from Elmer's Soup-to-Nuts science fair site
- Scientific Method - includes a test of your powers of observation
- Scientific Method Lab - an interactive lab that teaches what the scientific method is, and how scientists and others follow this method
- Scientific Method Quiz - [this link opens on a new page]
- Solving Problems with the Scientific Method - posted by Study Guides and Strategies
- Steps of the Scientific Method - from a science fair project idea site
- Studying Cells - how the scientific method is applied in biology
- Writing Hypotheses: a student lesson - the purpose of this lesson is to learn when and how to write hypotheses
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Select appropriate independent, dependent, or controlled variables for an experiment.
Inq.3 |
- Dependent and Independent Variables - Wikipedia entry
- Elementary Concepts in Statistics - use the index to find information on a large number of topics about variables
- How to Set-up a Controlled Science Experiment - eight steps from eHow.com
- Independent and Dependent Variables - from Cool Science Projects.com
- Independent and Dependent Variables - identify the independent variable, dependent variable, experimental and control groups in three studies [not interactive]
- Independent and Dependent Variables - short explanation of each type of variable
- Variables and a Simple Pendulum Experiment - purpose; to explain the difference between mcontrolled, independent (manipulated), and dependent (responding) variables
- Variables and Hypotheses - to print and hand out to students; includes a table of examples and self help evaluation questions
 
- Variables in a Science Fair Experiment - from Science Buddies
- What are Independent and Dependent Variables - from a graphing tutorial found at NCES
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Analyze the components of a properly designed scientific investigation.
Inq.4 |
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Perform an experiment to test a prediction.
Inq.5 |
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Select appropriate tools and technology to collect precise and accurate quantitative and qualitative data.
Inq.6 |
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Determine if data supports or contradicts a hypothesis or conclusion.
Inq.7 |
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Recognize, analyze, and evaluate alternative explanations for the same set of observations.
Inq.8 |
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Evaluate the accuracy and precision of data.
Inq.9 |
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State a conclusion in terms of the relationship between two or more variables.
Inq.10 |
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Defend a conclusion based on scientific evidence.
Inq.11 |
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Analyze experimental results and identify possible sources of bias or experimental error.
Inq.12 |
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Compare the results of an experiment with what is already known about the topic under investigation.
Inq.13 |
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Suggest alternative explanations for the same set of observations.
Inq.14 |
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Formulate and revise scientific explanations and models using logic and evidence.
Inq.15 |
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Compare conclusions that offer different, but acceptable explanations for the same set of experimental data.
Inq.16 |
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Human Anatomy and Physiology: Embedded Technology & Engineering |
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Science Curriculum Standards
3251 - Human Anatomy and Physiology
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Internet Resources |
Distinguish among tools and procedures best suited to conduct a specified scientific inquiry.
T/E.1 |
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Apply the engineering design process to construct a prototype that meets developmentally appropriate specifications.
T/E.2 |
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Evaluate a protocol to determine the degree to which an engineering design process was successfully applied.
T/E.3 |
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Explore how the unintended consequences of new technologies can impact human and non-human communities.
T/E.4 |
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Evaluate the overall benefit to cost ratio of a new technology.
T/E.5 |
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Present research on current bioengineering technologies that contribute to improvements in our daily lives.
T/E.6 |
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Design a series of multi-view drawings that can be used by others to construct an adaptive design and test its effectiveness.
T/E.7 |
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Human Anatomy and Physiology: Standard 1 - Anatomical Orientation |
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Science Curriculum Standards
3251 - Human Anatomy and Physiology
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Internet Resources |
Illustrate the interconnections between anatomy and physiology using a concept map.
1.1 |
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Sequence the levels of structural organization from the molecular level through the organismic level.
1.2 |
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Use prepared slides to distinguish among different types of tissues.
1.3 |
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Classify organ systems of the body as either (1) protection, support, and movement, (2) regulation and integration (3) transport, and (4) absorption and excretion.
1.4 |
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Identify the major organs and describe the functions of each body system.
1.5 |
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Identify and label the body cavities including the subdivisions and organs of each.
1.6 |
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Apply correct terminology to reference anatomical orientation.
1.7 |
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Provide examples of bodily mechanisms that serve to maintain homeostasis.
1.8 |
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Explain how the body regulates temperature, blood carbon dioxide levels, and blood glucose levels.
1.9 |
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Human Anatomy and Physiology: Standard 2 - Protection, Support, Movement |
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Science Curriculum Standards
3251 - Human Anatomy and Physiology
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Internet Resources |
Identify the structures of the skin and explain their role in protecting the body and maintaining homeostasis.
2.1 |
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Explain the physiological processes involved in healing the skin and disorders of the skin.
2.2 |
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Construct a labeled model of the skin with descriptions of its functions.
2.3 |
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Distinguish between the different types of bones.
2.4 |
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Describe the physiological mechanisms involved in bone development, growth, and repair.
2.5 |
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Identify the major muscles of the body.
2.6 |
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Compare and contrast the axial and appendicular skeletons using a graphic organizer.
2.7 |
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Observe, draw, and label the different types of muscle tissue noting their functions and structure.
2.8 |
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Illustrate the major steps of the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction.
2.9 |
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Human Anatomy and Physiology: Standard 3 - Integration & Regulation |
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Science Curriculum Standards
3251 - Human Anatomy and Physiology
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Internet Resources |
Identify the major areas of the brain and the major structures of the spinal cord.
3.1 |
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Identify the structure and function of cranial nerves, neurons, neuroglia, and neuromuscular junctions.
3.2 |
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Use a graphic organizer to trace the pathways and biochemical changes associated with conduction of an electrochemical impulse.
3.3 |
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Construct a model to describe the molecular neurophysiology of membrane potentials in terms of electrolyte function and active transport.
3.4 |
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Identify the structures and functions of the body’s sensory organs.
3.5 |
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Differentiate among the major organs and tissues that comprise the endocrine system.
3.6 |
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Explain how the hormones secreted by endocrine glands regulate the body.
3.7 |
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Interpret graphs of blood sugar levels in terms of pancreatic function.
3.8 |
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Analyze a case study of a neurological disorder to make a speculative diagnosis or prognosis.
3.9 |
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Human Anatomy and Physiology: Standard 4 - Transport |
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Science Curriculum Standards
3251 - Human Anatomy and Physiology
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Internet Resources |
Describe the different types of blood vessels.
4.1 |
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Identify the major arteries and veins.
4.2 |
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Describe the cellular components and physical characteristics of blood.
4.3 |
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Determine blood types in the ABO system.
4.4 |
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Prepare a model that illustrates the layers, chambers, and valves of the heart.
4.5 |
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Describe the biochemical and physiological events associated with heart contraction, blood pressure, and blood clotting.
4.6 |
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Measure blood pressure and the pulse rates.
4.7 |
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Draw a diagram that traces the pathway of blood through the heart and lungs.
4.8 |
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Compare the molecular affinity of hemoglobin to oxygen and carbon monoxide in terms of maintaining homeostasis.
4.9 |
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Describe the immune response mechanisms at the cellular level.
4.10 |
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Relate nonspecific cellular and chemical defenses of the body to environmental factors.
4.11 |
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Identify the causes of imbalances in the immune system.
4.12 |
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Human Anatomy and Physiology: Standard 5 - Absorption & Excretion |
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Science Curriculum Standards
3251 - Human Anatomy and Physiology
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Internet Resources |
Compare the structure and function of organs in the digestive system.
5.1 |
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Contrast mechanical and chemical digestion.
5.2 |
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Trace a selected food through the alimentary canal.
5.3 |
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Identify the enzymes and biochemical reactions that facilitate digestion.
5.4 |
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Explain how the products of digestion are absorbed.
5.5 |
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Compare and contrast the male and female urinary systems.
5.6 |
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Explain how the kidneys act to maintain homeostasis.
5.7 |
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Identify the parts of a nephron and describe how they assist in urine formation.
5.8 |
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Describe the composition of urine.
5.9 |
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Describe a countercurrent mechanism and explain how it concentrates urine.
5.10 |
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Discuss the importance of water and electrolyte balance.
5.11 |
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Describe how body temperature is regulated.
5.12 |
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Human Anatomy and Physiology: Standard 6 - Reproduction, Growth, and Development |
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Science Curriculum Standards
3251 - Human Anatomy and Physiology
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Internet Resources |
Relate the structures of the male and female reproductive systems to their functions.
6.1 |
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Describe the role of hormones in controlling the secondary sex characteristics.
6.2 |
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Compare and contrast the processes and products of oogenesis and spermatogenesis.
6.3 |
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Trace the pathway that sperm travel from the testes to the exterior of the body.
6.4 |
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Summarize the events of the menstrual cycle.
6.5 |
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Describe the hormonal control mechanisms that regulate the menstrual cycle.
6.6 |
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Sequence the stages of human development from fertilization to birth.
6.7 |
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Describe the functions of the placenta.
6.8 |
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\Research and describe methods of controlling human fertility, and describe their relative effectiveness.
6.9 |
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